Isothiazolinone are a class of heterocyclic organic compounds with strong bactericidal, fungicidal, and algicidal properties, widely used as biocides and preservatives. Their core mechanism is to disrupt the cell membranes of microorganisms and inhibit the activity of enzymes, thereby preventing microbial growth. The most common types in practical applications include:

• CMIT/MIT (5-Chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one / 2-Methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one): Usually mixed in a 3:1 ratio, it is the most widely used type, applicable to water treatment, cosmetics, and coatings.

• BIT (1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one): Has better thermal stability and compatibility with anionic surfactants, often used in high-temperature industrial water systems and household cleaners.

• OIT (2-Octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one): Excellent anti-mold effect on dry films, mainly used in coatings, wood preservatives, and leather finishing agents.